从城市规划与发展角度对军民合用机场的反思——以济宁曲阜机场为例

以济宁曲阜机场为例,结合菏泽机场规划,说明了济宁曲阜机场存在机场位置与旅游景区位置发生偏离、对济宁城市空间扩展引导不足、限制菏泽机场规划、影响济宁综合交通枢纽建设以及机场容量无法满足旅客量增长等问题,这些问题具有一定的普遍意义,希望能促进规划和决策者对军民合用这一机场建设方式采取更为谨慎的态度.     

薄壁微三维结构件超精密研抛技术研究

针对影响薄壁微结构件超精密研抛的工艺因素,即单次进给量、研磨轨迹、研磨膏选择和去除量精确控制,通过大量的研抛加工试验,进行研抛工艺研究,得到能实现稳定和理想加工结果的研抛工艺,很好的满足零件性能要求。     

Stability of relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid with orbit–attitude coupling

The full dynamics of spacecraft around an asteroid, in which the spacecraft is considered as a rigid body and the gravitational orbit–attitude coupling is taken into account, is of great value and interest in the precise theories of the motion. The spectral stability of the classical relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid is studied with the method of geometric mechanics. The stability conditions are given explicitly based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix. It is found that the linearized system decouples into two entirely independent subsystems, which correspond to the motions within and outside the equatorial plane of the asteroid respectively. The system parameters are divided into three groups that describe the traditional stationary orbit stability, the significance of the orbit–attitude coupling and the mass distribution of the spacecraft respectively. The spectral stability of the relative equilibria is investigated numerically with respect to the three groups of system parameters. The relations between the full spacecraft dynamics and the traditional spacecraft dynamics, as well as the effect of the orbit–attitude coupling, are assessed. We find that when the orbit–attitude coupling is strong, the mass distribution of the spacecraft dominates the stability of the relative equilibria; whereas when the orbit–attitude coupling is weak, both the mass distribution and the traditional stationary orbit stability have significant effects on the stability. We also give a criterion to determine whether the orbit–attitude coupling needs to be considered.     

Orbit determination and prediction of GEO satellite of BeiDou during repositioning maneuver

In order to establish a continuous GEO satellite orbit during repositioning maneuvers, a suitable maneuver force model has been established associated with an optimal orbit determination method and strategy. A continuous increasing acceleration is established by constructing a constant force that is equivalent to the pulse force, with the mass of the satellite decreasing throughout maneuver. This acceleration can be added to other accelerations, such as solar radiation, to obtain the continuous acceleration of the satellite. The orbit determination method and strategy are illuminated, with subsequent assessment of the orbit being determined and predicted accordingly. The orbit of the GEO satellite during repositioning maneuver can be determined and predicted by using C-Band pseudo-range observations of the BeiDou GEO satellite with COSPAR ID 2010-001A in 2011 and 2012. The results indicate that observations before maneuver do affect orbit determination and prediction, and should therefore be selected appropriately. A more precise orbit and prediction can be obtained compared to common short arc methods when observations starting 1 day prior the maneuver and 2 h after the maneuver are adopted in POD (Precise Orbit Determination). The achieved URE (User Range Error) under non-consideration of satellite clock errors is better than 2 m within the first 2 h after maneuver, and less than 3 m for further 2 h of orbit prediction.     

空间绳系组合体拖曳动力学分析及振动控制

空间绳系捕获系统捕获目标物后的组合体在拖曳离轨过程中常产生振动，为此，建立了切向连续推力作用下的空间拖曳绳系组合体面内动力学模型，并对模型进行了横向摆动与纵向振动耦合分析。针对组合体的纵向振动问题提出了一种以张力控制为内环、速度控制为外环的双闭环振动控制策略。进行了振动控制仿真分析，并根据动力学的相似性，建立地面模拟实验系统，仿真与实验结果表明该控制策略可迅速抑制组合体纵向振动、减小系绳冲击并可避免出现系绳松弛现象。     

主辅拦截器协同制导方法研究

随着现代导弹技术的发展,导弹的突防能力越来越强,对导弹的防御难度也逐渐增大。为增强拦截器的杀伤力并降低成本,可利用主辅拦截器协同制导对目标进行拦截。建立了拦截器与目标的相对运动模型,通过对运动方程进行线性化分析,发现协同制导问题实质为具有终端时间限制条件的导引问题,该问题可转化为线性化系统的最优控制问题。利用最优控制中的极小值原理设计了时间协同制导律。仿真结果表明:该制导律可实现多枚拦截器在同一时刻拦截目标的协同制导要求。     

航天器姿态预设性能控制方法综述

针对存在不确定惯量矩阵及其它未知不确定性(如执行器故障、航天器结构发生突变等)下的航天器姿态控制问题，综述了预设性能控制及其应用的研究进展。首先阐释了预设性能控制方法的基本内涵及其关键步骤；然后分析总结了现有航天器姿态控制以及预设性能控制研究的基本概况与发展趋势；最后面向未来复杂化、智能化的空间任务对航天器控制系统提出的新需求，提出航天器预设性能控制值得研究的问题和方向。     

新一代战斗机非定常流动数值研究综述

新一代战斗机强调超机动能力和强隐身性，其中大攻角下的静态失速、动态失速及内埋弹仓绕流是与高机动和强隐身密切相关的、极具挑战的几类典型的非定常流动，它们对数值方法提出了极高的要求。为了高精度地仿真流场、清楚地揭示流动机理，有效地控制非定常流动，非常有必要发展高精度且高效率的RANS-LES混合方法体系，包含RANS-LES混合方法本身、与RANS-LES混合方法匹配的高精度自适应耗散格式、基准湍流模式、高质量计算网格、高精度时间推进方法、非定常量的统计方法等，具有极强的紧迫性。提出、发展、验证并应用该类方法数值仿真新一代战斗机（包括单独部件、组合体、甚至全机）的非定常流动，数值预测结果与风洞实验数据吻合良好；此类方法可为新型战斗机设计提供理论依据和分析手段。     

绳索断裂对二维二次太阳翼展开过程影响分析

为识别二维二次太阳翼关键环节和预示其在轨展开故障模式，开展不同位置绳索断裂失效对太阳翼展开的影响程度分析。采用考虑绳索断裂的绳索联动轮力学模型，建立了适应于不同联动轮半径的联动轮受力模型，提出角度触发约束消除方法，解决了太阳翼第2次展开过程连续仿真问题，建立了太阳翼第2次展开动力学方程，分析了不同位置绳索断裂失效对太阳翼各板展开角度、展开构型和其他绳索张力的影响。分析表明，越靠近星体的绳索联动机构失效对太阳翼展开过程的影响越大，其中连接架上绳索联动机构失效可直接导致二维二次太阳翼在轨展开失败。     

基于改进灰狼优化算法的涡扇发动机性能/喷流噪声综合优化控制研究

为保证整个飞行过程中满足噪声适航标准和飞行器的安全性,需要按照最严苛的噪声要求进行发动机设计,并留有很大的安全裕度,因而导致发动机的性能潜力未能得到发挥。本文对传统灰狼算法进行了改进,提出自适应概率变异策略,在优化过程中调整狩猎模式,提升了算法的全局搜索能力;基于该算法开展涡扇发动机性能/喷流噪声综合寻优控制研究,根据不同飞行需求对航空发动机性能进行优化,获得最佳控制量,在满足安全性和噪声指标的同时,提高发动机的性能。仿真结果表明,改进后的算法具有更好的全局寻优性能,最大推力模式下可提升推力13.45%,最小油耗模式可降低油耗3.19%,最低涡轮前温度模式可降低涡轮前温度2.07%。